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Two carbons with different sulfur contents were prepared and oxidized either by heating in air or by chemical treatment. The samples were then tested as adsorbents of arsine in dynamic conditions at room temperature, both in dry conditions and in the presence of moisture. Chemical and structural features of the initial and arsine-exposed materials were analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,...
Poly(divinylbenzene) (PDVB) monoliths with well-defined macropores that have been sulfonated and carbonized to obtain macroporous carbon monoliths. The original macroporous PDVB networks have been synthesized by living radical polymerization accompanied by spinodal decomposition. Sulfonation prevents polymer networks from large shrinkage and weight loss during carbonization by heat-treatment in an...
Aromatic, triphenylphosphine-containing organometallic compounds, as well as non-aromatic organometallic targets, were irradiated with a Nd:YAG laser to study the role of the metals and ligands used on the structure of the resulting materials. Characterization shows that the composition, metal nanoparticle dilution and crystallite size, and structure of the carbon foams (CFs) produced can be tailored...
Carbon functionalized with sulfonic acid groups has been synthesized using the one-step hydrothermal carbonization of furaldehyde and hydroxyethylsulfonic acid aqueous solution at 180°C for 4h. The carbon exhibited high acidity and comparable activities to sulfuric acid for the traditional acid-catalyzed reactions, which indicated that it has great potential for environment-friendly processes. The...
Graphene nanosheet/carbon black composites were prepared by the ultrasonication and in situ reduction methods. Microstructure measurements show that most carbon black particles deposit on the edge surfaces of nanosheets by the ultrasonication method, and on the basal surfaces of nanosheets by in situ reduction method. The electrochemical performances of hybrid materials are superior to pure graphene...
The design of advanced porous materials is crucial for the development of new energy storage systems for mobile applications. In the following a new class of highly porous carbon structures is applied in gas storage. Ordered mesoporous carbide derived carbons (OM-CDC) were synthesized by chlorination of mesostructured silicon carbide ceramics (OM-SiC). Resulting OM-CDC structures were characterized...
Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) membranes (buckypaper) and carbon nanofiber (CNF) paper were incorporated onto the surface of epoxy carbon fiber composites, as proposed fire shields. Their flammability behaviors were investigated by a cone calorimeter. SWCNT buckypaper and CNF paper did not show notable improvement on fire retardancy. However, MWCNT buckypaper...
The thermal conductivities of ultrahigh tensile strength polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based (T1000GB) and ultrahigh modulus pitch-based (K13D) carbon fibers with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown on them using chemical vapor deposition were measured using a thermal diffusivity meter. The thermal conductivities of the resulting hybrid materials were calculated to be 18.6±1.7 and 965.6±30.0W/mK for T1000GB and...
A composite material consisting of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) grown on sintered metal fiber filters was modified by H 2 O 2 or plasma-generated O 3 . Coupling temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques in the same UHV apparatus allowed the direct correlation of the nature of the created O-functional groups and their evolution...
Graphene-based transparent conducting films were prepared using the following method. A chemically-reduced graphene dispersion was synthesized and graphene films were prepared from it by transfer printing, followed by thermal treatment. The resulting graphene films possessed an excellent electrical conductivity with a high transparency. A sheet resistance lower than ∼2KΩ/sq and a transparency well...
Expandable graphite of two types was synthesized by (1) hydrolysis of graphite nitrate of II stage and (2) anodic polarization of graphite in 60% HNO 3 . Exfoliated graphite samples were produced by thermal shock of expandable graphite samples in air at 900°C. A comparative study of microstructural distinctions of both expandable and exfoliated graphite samples was carried out using X-ray...
Buckling responses of multi-walled carbon nanotubes incorporated as torsion springs in electromechanical devices are predicted via classical molecular dynamics simulations. The observations reveal that the outermost walls of the nanotubes act as torsion springs and possess not only greatly enhanced first buckling strengths, but also stiffened post-buckling regimes characterized by a slight growth...
The surface, interfacial and dispersion properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and the mechanical properties of the CNT/epoxy composites affected by CNT functionalization are investigated. It is demonstrated that there exists strong correlations between amino-functionalization, dispersion, wettability, interfacial interaction and re-agglomeration behaviour of CNTs and the corresponding mechanical...
Fully dense graphene nanosheet(GNS)/Al 2 O 3 composites with homogeneously distributed GNSs of thicknesses ranging from 2.5 to 20nm have been fabricated from ball milled expanded graphite and Al 2 O 3 by spark plasma sintering. The percolation threshold of electrical conductivity of the as-prepared GNS/Al 2 O 3 composites is around 3vol.%, and this new...
A soluble polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) hybrid material (MWCNT/POSS) was synthesized, in which the POSS content was estimated to be 44wt.%. This material exhibits a remarkable optical limiting performance for nanosecond laser pulses at 532nm. Thermally-induced nonlinear scattering is the primary mechanism for the nonlinear optical response...
The changes taking place in surface and electrochemical properties of activated carbon cloth (ACC) upon polarization have been investigated. The ACC was polarized at +1.0, +2.0 and −2.0mA for a period of 90min. The surface properties such as specific surface area, pore volumes, pore size distribution, pH at the point of zero charge and the electrochemical properties such as specific capacitance, potential...
Porous carbon black was modified to introduce oxygen and nitrogen surface functionality and characterized using wet titration methods, elemental analysis, XPS, TEM, thermal analysis, adsorption of nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Then the electrochemical capacitance was measured for cations and anions in 1M H 2 SO 4 . The results were compared to those obtained on activated carbons. The...
Carbon nanotube (CNT) strain variations with temperature, as measured with Raman microscopy, are reported for pristine and functionalized CNT/epoxy composites. The CNT strain is derived from the difference in frequencies of the CNT vibrational G + -mode in the composite and that of a relaxed CNT, and shown to serve as a measure of the local residual strains in the composites. The magnitudes...
Mesoporous carbon materials with highly dispersed platinum nanoparticles have been prepared by a one-pot template-assisted synthesis route. Different amounts of hexachloroplatinic acid were added to a silica–sucrose mixture and heat treated in nitrogen and hydrogen flow. The obtained Pt/C materials have been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,...
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